Soil Erodibility Prediction On Oil Palm Land In Ujung Bandar Village,

. There will be widespread damage to the land as a result of land degradation, particularly to forest land. Changes in land use from extremely durable vegetation to escalated agrarian land make the dirt all the more handily disintegrated. One of the deciding variables of disintegration is soil disintegration and soil cover vegetation. Soil erodiability is the typical measure of soil lost every year per unit of the file, while the land cover is helpful for safeguarding the dirt from the danger of harm by disintegration and further developing soil conditions. The exploration was done from October 2022 to June 2023. In January 2013, field sampling was carried out. The technique utilized in this study was the review strategy and the purposive examining technique. Choose three points of observation. Then, in the laboratory, data analysis and field observation. Assessment of soil erodibility is completed by taking soil tests, deciding soil structure, soil porousness in the field, and deciding soil surface and natural matter for examination in the research center. Distinguishing proof of disintegration by taking documentation of kinds of disintegration that alludes to references and realities tracked down in the field. To decide the worth of erodibility (soil aversion to disintegration) utilizing a nomograph (soil erosibility). Results of the Study Soil erodibility on oil palm land in the Urung Kompas Village was low to medium, ranging from 0.17 to 0.26. The research site on oil palm land in the Urung Kompas subdistrict has five types of erosion


INTRODUCTION
The oil palm plant (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) is an oil-creating ranch crop which is a significant figure the Indonesian economy, so it has supported the public authority, the confidential area and the local area to endeavor to keep on creating it (Sandi et al., 2020).Right now, oil palm advancement is for the most part done on dry land with level to soak geology.This is due to the fact that 77.4% of Indonesia's dry land is composed of wavy, undulating, hilly, and mountainous regions with slopes greater than 3% [Yulia et al., 2015].However, environmental considerations must be taken into account when growing oil palm on sloping dry land, particularly those pertaining to soil/land characteristics and climate.it is vital to know land/land for thought in picking an area for oil palm development [Ayuningtyas et al., 2018].Disintegration is a cycle where soil is segregated and afterward moved to somewhere else by the power of water, wind, streams or gravity.Soil properties, climate, topography, and land cover vegetation are the four main factors influencing erosion [Arifin, 2010].The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) is the general equation that is used to calculate the amount of soil erosion by using these four factors by [Sulistyaningrum et al.,2014].[Ashari,, 2013] The productivity and potential of the land will be impacted by continuous use without effective management.Accelerated land degradation is the most common factor that affects how land is used [Wang et al.,2017].The issue of soil loss as a result of water or wind erosion is one of the considerations in land use.Although soil loss is inevitable, it must remain below the rate of soil formation in order to be considered acceptable [Sahat et al., 2016].[Zhang et al., 2019] Soil erodibility (K) is the soil's sensitivity to erosion or ease of erodibility.( Dini et al.,19]The issue of soil loss as a result of water or wind erosion is one of the considerations in land use.Although soil loss is inevitable, it must remain below the rate of soil formation in order to be considered acceptable [Sahat et al., 2016].The issue of soil loss as a result of water or wind erosion is one of the considerations in land use.Although soil loss is inevitable, it must remain below the rate of soil formation in order to be considered acceptable [Sahat et al., 2016].[Zhang et al., 2019] Soil erodibility (K) is the soil's sensitivity to erosion or ease of erodibility.( Dini et al.,19] refers to the soil's sensitivity to the force of crushing and being washed away by rainwater as soil erodibility.The greater the soil's erodibility, the more susceptible it will be to erosion, resulting in greater soil loss when it rains [Afandi et al.,2017].The potential disintegration risk in oil palm lands should be tended to, particularly on slanting terrains.[Satriawan et al., 2021] As a result, it is necessary to measure and estimate erosion in order to determine the extent of erosion on oil palm-planted sloping land in order to establish policies and soil conservation measures that prevent soil damage and permit erodible use.A property of soil demonstrates the soil's susceptibility to erode when raindrops strike it.[Ziadat et al.,2013]The properties of a soil, such as its structure, permeability, organic matter content, and texture, all have an impact on its erodibility.In order to prevent significant erosion, erosion control is required [Ayuningtyas et al.,2018]

Research methods
This study used survey methods and laboratory analysis.The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data.Primary data is data obtained directly from the field and results of laboratory analysis, while secondary data is obtained from literature, map analysis and data from related agencies.The sampling method uses stratified sampling with land unit strata.

Research procedure
The implementation of the research was carried out in four (4) working stages, namely: the preparation stage, data collection, data processing and data analysis.The preparatory stage is carried out before starting research activities.This stage starts with a literature study and prepares the tools and materials used in research activities.After the materials needed in the research activities are met, the next thing to do is data collection carried out in this study, consisting of collecting primary data and secondary data.The primary data collected includes soil elements, the required soil elements are soil structure, soil texture, organic matter, and soil permeability.The secondary data collected in this study included a general description of the location and land use data in the Urung Kompas Village, South Rantau District, Labuhanbatu Regency.

Soil
erodibility values are calculated using the [6] formula: 100K = 2.1 M1.14 (10-4)(12a) + 3.25 (b -2) +2.5 (c -3) Information : K = soil erodibility M = particle size (% fine sand + % silt) X (100 -% clay) / (Table 3) a = organic matter content b = soil structure class (Table 1) c = soil permeability classes (Table 2) NB: The value of M can also be roughly estimated from table 1 if only the soil texture class is known.Using the M value for the K formula in this table is an inaccurate method that is only used when the grain size distribution is unknown.To find out the texture class, you can use the texture triangle (figure 1).Soil elements needed in calculating soil erodibility are soil structure, soil texture, organic matter, and soil permeability.Soil sampling at each LMU samples were taken based on disturbed and undisturbed soil samples.Disturbed soil samples are used in the analysis of soil structure, soil texture, and soil organic matter while undisturbed soil samples are used to calculate soil permeability.Sampling of disturbed and undisturbed soil was carried out at the same location at each LMU sample.For undisturbed soil samples, a sample ring is used by cleaning the sampling location from litter, then inserting the sample ring into the soil until the ring is completely filled with soil and taking the ring by digging into the soil, then the sample ring is coded according to the sample LMU.For disturbed soil samples, only take the soil resulting from the excavation of the sample ring and then immediately put it into the sample plastic and then code it according to the sample LMU.Assessment of the structure and permeability of each soil using the following table: From the calculation that the class or level of soil erodibility on oil palm land in the village of urung kompas erodibility value ranges from 0.17 -0.26 classified as class (low-medium).The soil structure at the study site was medium granular.The content of organic matter ranges from 2.09% -2.26%.Organic matter has an important role to play in the ability of the soil to resist erosion.The presence of vegetation can help maintain and improve soil structure through organic matter around it and roots that grow in the soil.The organic matter produced on the land is included in the medium criteria because it is land that has been added soil to help the initial growth of plants in the process of land reclamation and revegetation until the growth of plants to adulthood.Mature vegetation is able to produce organic matter through branches and leaves that fall to the ground and then undergo a decomposition process.This is because organic matter has the ability to absorb and hold high water, helps the development of soil structure, and adds fertility so that it affects the existence of vegetation that grows on it [Sulistyaningrum et al., 2017), ]The sensitivity of the soil to the occurrence of erosion depends on the stability and resistance of the soil structure to pressure.[17], High soil permeability will be able to destroy weak aggregates or soil structures, potentially causing soil sensitivity to erosion.The soil texture is dominated by clay clay and the least content of fine sand and dust, resulting in soil not susceptible to erosion.This can be seen from the conditions around the land that changes shape above the soil surface, where uniformly the soil looks eroded from top to bottom so that the thickness of the soil decreases, the soil gathers in the lowest area.Water flowing on the surface of the soil is turbid (yellow-brownish), there are spots on the surface of the soil.The area has slopes of 12% belonging to the class of gentle slopes.[ Megawati, et al., 2020] The fertility of the soil is reduced because many nutrients are lost due to erosion.The condition of vegetation around the land looks less which is not able to cover the entire soil surface, making it easier for water to directly hit the ground as a result of the sloping condition of the land and the amount of rainfall can cause sheet erosion.The handling that can be done is by mechanical (making trenches and guludan parallel to the contours) and vegetative such as planting cover crops, covering with litter, and other vegetation that can grow on the land.Actions that can be taken in the event to pay attention to the conditions around the landslide whether it is still feasible or not to be backfilled properly, and pay attention to the causes of landslides such as repairing slopes during post-mining landfill activities, paying attention to the basic condition of the land whether it contains water or not.So that when stockpiling is carried out, there is no watery land to avoid these landslide events.The KTA technique formulated for landslide handling is a combination of vegetative and mechanical methods, such as slopes and dikes planted with cover crops, making gulud terraces, repairing drainage channels, making retaining walls.[ Djufri, et al., 2021] IV.CONCLUSION The erodibility of the soil in the study area on oil palm land in the Urung Kompas Village ranged from 0.17-0.26into the low to medium class.There are 5 types of erosion found at the research location of oil palm land in the Urung Kompas sub-district, namely trench erosion, splash erosion, sheet erosion, furrow erosion, and landslides.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Administrative map of Rantau Selatan District and research locations

Table 3
Soil texture, soil structure, organic matter and permeability at the study site.

Table 2 .
Calculation of soil erodibility (K) on revegetation land in Urung