Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Genotipe Bawang Merah pada Peningkatan Dosis Sulfur melalui Sistem Hidroponik Nutrient Film Technique

Noor Farid; Zulfa Ulinnuha

doi:10.31941/biofarm.v18i2.2346

Authors

Noor Farid Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
Zulfa Ulinnuha Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31941/biofarm.v18i2.2346

Abstract

Shallots are one of the commodities with high economic value. This study aims to determine (1) the effect of each dose and genotype of sulfur on the growth and yield of shallots, (2) to determine the interaction of sulfur and genotype on the growth and yield of the tested genotypes and comparison varieties. This research was carried out from August to November 2019 at the screenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, Grendeng Village, North Purwokerto District, Banyumas Regency at an altitude of 110 m above sea level. The experimental design used was the RAKL (Completely Randomized Design) with 3 replications. The first factor to be tested was the dose of sulfur (S) which consisted of S1 (30 ppm) and S2 (90 ppm) and the second factor was the genotype (G) which consisted of fifteen genotypes and five comparison varieties. The characteristics observed in this study were: plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf diameter, root weight, plant wet weight, plant dry weight, number of tubers, tuber diameter, tuber wet weight, tuber dry weight. The results showed that (1) increasing the dose of sulfur increased the number of leaves, leaf length, root length, plant dry weight and tuber dry weight, (2) The interaction between genotype and sulfur was found in characters such as leaf length, leaf diameter, root volume, root length. root, plant dry weight, tuber diameter, tuber wet weight and tuber dry weight, (4) Bima Juna varieties, genotypes G3, G11, G15, G16, G17, G22, G23, G24, G79, C4 experienced an increase in tuber dry weight at dose of 90 ppm.

References

Abduh, A. D. M., Padjung, R., Farid, M., Bahrun, A. H., Anshori, M. F., Nasaruddin, Ridwan, I., Nur, A., & Taufik, M. (2021). Interaction of genetic and cultivation technology in maize prolific and productivity increase. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 24(6), 716–723. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2021.716.723

Abdulkader Abou Azoom, A., Zhani, K., & Hannachi, C. (2014). Performance of Eight Varieties of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Cultivated under Open Field in Tunisia. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 6(2), 220–224. https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb629287

Chattoo, M. A., Mudasir Magray, M., Ah Malik, A., Shah, M. D., & Chisti, J. A. (2019). Effect of Sources and Levels of Sulphur on Growth, Yield and Quality of Onion (Allium cepa L.). International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 8(03), 1462–1470. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.803.170

Fahrurrozi, Muktamar, Z., Dwatmadji, Setyowati, N., Sudjatmiko, S., & Chozin, M. (2016). Growth and yield responses of three sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. Saccharata) Varieties to local-based liquid organic fertilizer. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 6(3), 319–323. https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.6.3.730

Faroogui, M., Nakura, I., Rathore, S., Singh, P., & Shaktawat, R. (2009). Effect of nitrogen and sulphur levels on growth and yield of garlic (Allium sativum L.). Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry, 2(Special Issue), S18–S23. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20123113781

Hasanah, Y., Mawarni, L., Hanum, H., Sipayung, R., & Ramadhan, M. T. (2021). The role of sulfur and paclobutrazol on the growth of shallots (Allium ascalonicum (L.) Sanren F-1 varieties from true shallot seed. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 782(4). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/782/4/042039

Hermanto, C., Maharijaya, A., Arsanti, I. W., Hayati, M., Rosliani, R., Setyawati, C. A., Husni, I., Sari, M., Wibawa, T., Sunarto, B., Kurdi, Adin, A., Julietha, D., Suad, D., Efendi, M., Hariyanto, Nggaro, Y. Y., Anggraeni, F., Waludin, J., … Setiani, R. (2017). Pedoman Budidaya Bawang Merah Menggunakan Benih Biji. Direktorat Sayuran Dan Tanaman Obat, 1–20. https://blog.brambang.com/tag/bawang-merah-brebes/

Hirai, G. I., Okmura, T., Takeuchi, S., Tanaka, O., & Chujo, H. (2000). Studies on the effect of the relative humidity of the atmosphere on the growth and physiology of rice plants: Effects of relative humidity during the light and dark periods on the growth. Plant Production Science, 3(2), 129–133. https://doi.org/10.1626/pps.3.129

Irawan, J., Sudarsono, Maharijaya, A., & Dinarti, D. (2021). Shallot haploid breeding for sustainable production-callus induction from shallot anther tissues. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 694(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/694/1/012031

Kemendag RI. (2020). Profil Komoditas Bawang Merah. Kementrian Perdagangan, 1–38. https://ews.kemendag.go.id/sp2kp-landing/assets/pdf/131212_ANL_UPK_BawangMerah.pdf

Marlin, M., Handajani, M., Yulian, Y., Rustikawati, R., & Herawati, R. (2021). Induction of Plantlet Regeneration on Shallot ( Allium cepa var. Aggregatum ) . Proceedings of the International Seminar on Promoting Local Resources for Sustainable Agriculture and Development (ISPLRSAD 2020), 13(Isplrsad 2020), 239–244. https://doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210609.038

Metallo, R. M. (2017). The impact of genetic and environmental factors on phytonutrient concentrations within leafy specialty crops in controlled environments. 170. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4893

Mishu, H. M., Ahmed, F., Rafii, M. Y., Golam, F., & Latif, M. A. (2013). Effect of sulphur on growth, yield and yield attributes in onion (Allium cepa L.). Australian Journal of Crop Science, 7(9), 1416–1422.

Mnayer, D., Fabiano-Tixier, A. S., Petitcolas, E., Hamieh, T., Nehme, N., Ferrant, C., Fernandez, X., & Chemat, F. (2014). Chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of six essentials oils from the Alliaceae family. Molecules, 19(12), 20034–20053. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules191220034

Mohammed, S. B., & Sookoo, R. (2016). Nutrient Film Technique for Commercial Production Polycystic Ovaries View project. Agricultural Science Research Journal, 6(11), 269–274. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309866285

Mustikawati, R., Tadjudin, T., & Alfandi, A. (2020). EFFECT OF PHOSPHORUS AND SULFUR FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH AND TIELD SHALLOTS (Allium ascalonicum L.) BIMA VARIETY. Agroswagati Jurnal Agronomi, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.33603/agroswagati.v8i2.4945

Nefrina, W. (2017). PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH ( Allium cepa L .) TERHADAP RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH ( Allium cepa L .).

Nisya Aryani, Kus Hendarto, Didin Wiharso, & Ainin Niswati. (2019). Peningkatan Produksi Bawang Merah Dan Beberapa Sifat Kimia Tanah Ultisol Akibat Aplikasi Vermikompos Dan Pupuk Pelengkap. Journal of Tropical Upland Resources (J. Trop. Upland Res.), 1(1), 145–160. https://doi.org/10.23960/jtur.vol1no1.2019.18

Nurofik, M. F. I., Utomo, P. S., Agroteknologi, P. S., Pertanian, F., Kadiri, U. I., Sumberagung, D., & Plosoklaten, K. (2016). Pengaruh Pupuk Urea dan Petroganik Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Daun (Allium Fistulosum L) Varietas Fragrant. Jurnal Hijau Cendekia, 35–40.

Omrani, H. H., & Al-Ubaidy, R. M. (2021). Effect of Spraying with Organic Sulfur and Hydrogen Peroxide on the Growth and Yield of Red Local Onions Allium Cepa L. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 910(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/910/1/012134

Pipi, D., Saadah, Rasyidah, B., Ilham, B., & Nilda. (2017). Pemanfaatan Lahan Pekarangan Sempit Dengan Teknologi Hidroponik Dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Ketersediaan Dan Konsumsi Sayuran Sehat Bagi Keluarga. Prosiding Seminar Hasil Nasional, 2017(2), 179–182.

Prasetya, S. P., & Kusmanadhi, B. (2019). PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TIGA VARIETAS LOKAL BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) MENGGUNAKAN BERBAGAI UKURAN BERAT UMBI BIBIT. Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian, 2(3), 97. https://doi.org/10.19184/bip.v2i3.16277

Sałata, A., Buczkowska, H., Papliński, R., & Rutkowska, A. (2021). The effects of using sulfur and organic bedding on the content of macro-and micronutrients and biologically active substances in winter garlic bulbs. Agriculture (Switzerland), 11(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11050399

Setiawati, T., Ayalla, A., Nurzaman, M., & Mutaqin, A. Z. (2018). Influence of Light Intensity on Leaf Photosynthetic Traits and Alkaloid Content of Kiasahan (Tetracera scandens L.). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 166(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/166/1/012025

Singh, H. D., Maji, S., & Kumar, S. (2014). Influence of plant bio-regulators on growth and yield of garlic (Allium sativum L.). International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 10(2), 546–549. http://www.researchjournal.co.in/online/IJAS.htm%0Ahttps://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20143382326

Umami, A., Darmanti, S., & Haryanti, S. (2011). Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L. var.Tiron) Dengan Perlakuan Gracilaria verrucosa Sebagai Penjerap Air Pada Tanah Pasir. Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi, 13(2), 60–66.

Widowati, A., Ainurrasjid, & Sugiharto, A. N. (2014). Karakterisasi Beberapa Galur Inbrida Jagung Manis ( Zea mays L. Saccharata). Jurnal Produk, 4(1), 1–7.

Xu, Z., Jiang, Y., & Zhou, G. (2015). Response and adaptation of photosynthesis, respiration, and antioxidant systems to elevated CO2 with environmental stress in plants. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6(September), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00701

Young, J. L. M., Kanashiro, S., Jocys, T., & Tavares, A. R. (2018). Silver vase bromeliad: Plant growth and mineral nutrition under macronutrients omission. Scientia Horticulturae, 234(March 2017), 318–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.02.002