The Hijriyah Calendar Perspective Islamic Law: What and How?

In various countries with a Muslim majority population, the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law has significant implications. This calendar affects legal practices such as the determination of the start of Ramadan, family law, prayer times, and religious celebrations. However, there are differing opinions and challenges in harmonizing Islamic legal provisions based on the Hijri calendar with national positive law. The purpose of this research is to identify the significance of using the Hijri calendar in the context of Islamic law and to understand how its use adapts to changes in time and globalization. The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative approach and the analysis of legal documents and legal literature to identify the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law. The data analysis technique used is a qualitative approach to answer research questions about the contribution of the Hijri calendar to Islamic law and its adaptation to changes in time and globalization. The results of the research show that the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law has significant impacts, including the determination of the start of Ramadan, influence on inheritance law, determination of prayer times, and commercial transactions. Furthermore, the Hijri calendar reflects the religious and cultural values in Muslim society, although there are challenges regarding the recognition of Islamic law in different legal contexts. This research highlights the importance of a thorough understanding of the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law. Additionally, the adaptation of the Hijri calendar to changes in time and globalization involves changes in determining the start of Ramadan, its use in civil law, adjustment to time zones, its role in international agreements, and dealing with conflicts with the Gregorian calendar

In various countries with a Muslim majority population, the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law has significant implications.This calendar affects legal practices such as the determination of the start of Ramadan, family law, prayer times, and religious celebrations.However, there are differing opinions and challenges in harmonizing Islamic legal provisions based on the Hijri calendar with national positive law.The purpose of this research is to identify the significance of using the Hijri calendar in the context of Islamic law and to understand how its use adapts to changes in time and globalization.The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative approach and the analysis of legal documents and legal literature to identify the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law.The data analysis technique used is a qualitative approach to answer research questions about the contribution of the Hijri calendar to Islamic law and its adaptation to changes in time and globalization.The results of the research show that the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law has significant impacts, including the determination of the start of Ramadan, influence on inheritance law, determination of prayer times, and commercial transactions.Furthermore, the Hijri calendar reflects the religious and cultural values in Muslim society, although there are challenges regarding the recognition of Islamic law in different legal contexts.This research highlights the importance of a thorough understanding of the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law.Additionally, the adaptation of the Hijri calendar to changes in time and globalization involves changes in determining the start of Ramadan, its use in civil law, adjustment to time zones, its role in international agreements, and dealing with conflicts with the Gregorian calendar.

I. Introduction
The Hijriyah calendar, also known as the Islamic calendar, is a calendar used by Muslims to organize time in their daily lives.This calendar is different from the Gregorian calendar which is generally used throughout the world.The Hijriyah calendar is based on time calculations based on important events in Islamic history, namely the hijrah or movement of the Prophet Muhammad SAW from Mecca to Medina in 622 AD (Safitri et al., 2023).Since then, this calendar has become an integral part of Islamic culture and law.The Hijri calendar is a lunar calendar, which means that the months in this calendar are based on the lunar lunar cycle.Each month begins when the new moon is visible, and the Hijri year consists of 12 months.
Many countries with a majority Muslim population have adopted the Hijri calendar in various capacities.Although the use of the Hijri calendar is often related to religious matters, there are several legal aspects that are also related to its use.For example, the use of the Hijriyah calendar in determining religious holidays and collective leave is common in countries with a majority Muslim population.In addition, regulations on marriage, divorce, and other aspects of family law often refer to the Hijri calendar.
One concrete example is Morocco, which has adopted the Hijri calendar as the country's official calendar.According to Morocco's 2011 constitution, Islam is the state religion, and the Hijri calendar is Morocco's official calendar.This is a concrete example of how the Hijri calendar is integrated into the legislation of a country with a majority Muslim population.In addition, in Moroccan family law, the Hijri calendar is used to determine important dates in the marriage and divorce process.
In Indonesia, the country with the largest Muslim population in the world, the Hijri calendar also has an important role in Islamic law.The Research and Development and Training Agency of the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia has issued regulations regarding the use of the Hijriyah calendar in determining the start of the month of Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr.(Syarif & Naif, 2020).Apart from that, the use of the Hijriyah calendar also has an impact on marriage and divorce in Islamic family law in Indonesia.
The Hijri calendar has a significant impact on aspects of Muslim life, including Islamic law.One of the main aspects is determining the timing of religious services such as prayer (salat), Ramadan fasting, zakat, and the Hajj pilgrimage.(Ridwan, 2022).An accurate understanding of the Hijri calendar is essential to properly carry out these religious obligations.Apart from that, the Hijriyah calendar is also used to determine important dates in the daily lives of Muslims, such as weddings, Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha celebrations, as well as determining prohibited times in Islamic law such as prohibited times in the month of Dzulhijjah.
This has led to differences of opinion among Muslims regarding when exactly one should begin fasting, and it is a particularly relevant issue in many countries with significant Muslim populations.Apart from that, the Hijriyah Calendar also has implications for celebrating important days in Islam, such as Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha.The determination of these dates also depends on the Hijri calendar, and differences in interpretation in determining the start of a new month can lead to differences in celebrations in different countries.
However, it should be noted that the use of the Hijriyah calendar in Islamic law is not always universal.There are differences of opinion among Islamic scholars about how to calculate important dates in the Hijri calendar, such as the start of the month of Ramadan.This creates challenges in harmonizing the provisions of Islamic law based on the Hijriyah calendar with the positive law of a country.
In many countries with a Muslim majority, Islamic law has an official position and is regulated by certain statutory regulations.For example, in some Muslim-majority countries, family law covering marriage, divorce, and inheritance is regulated by Islamic law and is often closely related to the use of the Hijri calendar.(Anam, 2017).In these countries, it is important to understand how Islamic law is applied in practice, whether there are differences in legal interpretation based on the use of the Hijri Calendar, and whether there are provisions in law that regulate this..However, research regarding the influence of the Hijriyah Calendar on Islamic law is still limited.Therefore, this research will fill the gap in the academic literature by examining in more depth what and how the Hijriyah Calendar influences the interpretation and implementation of Islamic law.In addition, this research will explore whether there are relevant laws and regulations in various countries that regulate the use of the Hijriyah Calendar in the context of Islamic law.Based on the explanation of the background above, the formulation of the problem in this research is: First, what is the significance of using the Hijriyah calendar in the context of Islamic law?And the second is, How does the use of the Hijriyah Calendar in Islamic Law adapt to changing times and globalization?

Research Method
The research method used in this research is a normative legal research method.This method will provide an appropriate framework for analyzing aspects of Islamic law related to the use of the Hijri calendar.The approach that will be used is a statutory approach, which will enable researchers to understand in depth the legal framework that regulates the use of the Hijri calendar in the context of Islamic law.The main data sources in this research will involve relevant laws and regulations, both at the national and international levels.This includes laws, government regulations, religious fatwas, and court decisions relating to the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law.In addition, data sources can also include relevant Islamic legal literature, such as fiqh books that discuss the use of the Hijri calendar.Data collection techniques in this research will involve analysis of legal documents and legal literature.
Researchers will collect relevant legislative documents and analyze them in depth to identify the legal framework governing the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law.Apart from that, the researcher also conducted a literature study to identify the views and arguments that have been put forward by Islamic scholars and Islamic legal experts related to this topic.The data analysis technique in this research will involve a qualitative approach.Data obtained from analysis of legal documents, legal literature, and the views of Islamic scholars will be analyzed descriptively.Researchers will identify patterns, differences of opinion, and legal implications that arise from the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law.The results of the analysis will be used to answer research questions, such as the contribution of the Hijri calendar to Islamic law and how its use adapts to changing times and the impact of globalization

Significance of the Use of the Hijri Calendar in Islamic Law: What and How?
The use of the Hijri calendar in the context of Islamic law has deep and varied significance.The Hijri calendar, which is based on the lunar cycle, is not only used to determine times of worship and religious events, but also has implications in many aspects of Islamic law.(Angkat, 2017).The significance of its use can be understood through several dimensions involving legislation, legal practice, and religious views.In this context, it will be investigated why the use of the Hijri calendar is so important in Islamic law and how this influences the legal practice and life of Muslims.

Determining the Beginning of the Month of Ramadan and Eid Al-Fitr
The determination of the start of the month of Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr has deep significance in the religious practices of Muslims throughout the world.Using the Hijri calendar is key in determining this important moment.The beginning of the month of Ramadan is a moment that is eagerly awaited by Muslims because this is the beginning of the Ramadan fast, one of the five pillars of Islam.Apart from that, Eid al-Fitr is a big holiday that is celebrated with great joy after a full month of fasting.The significance of using the Hijriyah calendar in the context of determining the start of the month of Ramadan and Idul Fitri is not only based on religious aspects but also has an impact on legal aspects and statutory regulations.(Safitri et al., 2023).
The use of the Hijriyah calendar to determine the start of the month of Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr is an example of how Islamic law integrates religious aspects into aspects of daily legal practice.In various countries, this arrangement is supported by laws and regulations that recognize the Hijriyah calendar as the official calendar for Muslims.(Yacob & Shah, 2017).Indonesia, as one example, in Law Number 3 of 2006 concerning

Erlina: Implementation of Legal Protection of Geographical Indication of ……
Amendments to Law Number 7 of 1989 concerning Religious Courts, in article 52 A confirms that religious courts provide isbat testimony for the rukyat hilal in determining the beginning of the month in the Hijriyah year.This reflects the importance of religious aspects in civil law and confirms the status of the Hijri calendar as a valid tool in determining religious moments.
Apart from that, the significance of using the Hijriyah calendar in determining the start of the month of Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr also has an impact on the social and cultural life of Muslims.The Hijri calendar is not only used for worship purposes but is also an integral part of Muslim celebrations and culture (Rofiuddin, 2019).The celebration of Eid al-Fitr is an important moment to unite with family and community, which is also reflected in laws and regulations that guarantee family rights and leave during this celebration.

Inheritance Law
Inheritance law in Islam is an important aspect that is greatly influenced by the use of the Hijri calendar.The Hijri calendar is used to determine a person's date of death, which is a key factor in the process of dividing inheritance in Islamic law.A deep understanding of the use of the Hijri calendar in the context of inheritance law is very important, because this can affect the rights and obligations of heirs, as well as how inheritance is divided based on Islamic rules.(Rohmah, 2017).
Islam has strict and detailed principles.One of the basic principles in dividing inheritance is that the majority of a person's assets must be divided in accordance with the provisions stipulated in the Koran and hadith.This includes the distribution of assets to heirs as regulated in Islamic law, such as husband, wife, children, parents and siblings.(Rohidin, 2016).In this case, the Hijri calendar is used to determine a person's death date.When someone dies, their date of death in the Hijri calendar becomes the starting point for inheritance calculations.In other words, the assets left by the deceased will be divided based on family status, number of heirs, and the share of each heir based on the rules of Islamic law.
Indonesia, with a majority Muslim population, the main source of Islamic Inheritance law is the Al-Qur'an Surah An-Nisa' verses 11, 12 and 176.Islamic Inheritance law or faraidh science is a known science.who has the right to inherit and who has no right, and also what is the size for each heir.This regulation can determine how inheritance is divided based on Islamic rules, and the calculation must be in accordance with the Hijriyah calendar which is officially used in that country (Jamhir, 2019).
The use of the Hijri calendar in inheritance law also reflects aspects of Islamic law relating to time.A correct understanding of the deceased's date of death in the Hijri calendar is key in determining how the inheritance will be divided.Because the Hijri calendar follows the lunar cycle, there is a difference in the number of days between the Hijri calendar and the Gregorian calendar which is more commonly used in the world.(Rahmawati et al., 2016).In addition to inheritance law regulations which depend on the Hijri calendar, it is also important to note that Islamic law provides freedom for individuals to draw up Islamic wills or testaments.

Determining Daily Prayer and Worship Times
Determining daily prayer and worship times is an important aspect of Islamic religious practice.Times of worship, such as salat (salat), are highly revered moments in the Islamic religion, and the use of the Hijri calendar plays a central role in determining these times.(Ritonga & Butar-Butar, 2016).In countries with a majority Muslim population, such as Saudi Arabia, the Hijriyah calendar is the basis for determining daily worship times, especially prayer times.In Saudi Arabia, the use of the Hijri calendar in determining prayer times and other daily worship is regulated by an official body, namely the Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Endowments, Da'wah and Islamic Guidance.They issue official announcements regarding prayer times which are based on Hijriyah calendar calculations (Hartono, 2019).This reflects the importance of the use of the Hijri calendar in daily religious practices in the country.
The worship times specified in the Hijri calendar follow Islamic religious instructions and ensure that Muslims carry out their religious obligations on time.It is an integral part of Islamic religious observance and connects Muslims to their deep religious practices.Apart from that, the use of the Hijri calendar also reflects unity within the Muslim community.Throughout the world, Muslims who use the Hijri calendar follow the same time schedule for prayer, including the beginning and end of the month of Ramadan and other Islamic holidays (Angkat, 2017).This creates a sense of unity in global religious practice, allowing Muslims in various countries to celebrate religious events simultaneously and feel bonded as one people.

Commercial Transactions and Legal Contracts
The use of the Hijri calendar in commercial transactions and legal contracts has great significance in the context of Islamic law.This relates to the principles of Islamic law which prohibit riba (usury) and other unlawful elements in transactions.Some Muslim countries have regulations governing the use of the Hijri calendar in commercial agreements and contracts to ensure compliance with the principles of Islamic law (Darmalaksana, 2022).One example of a country that regulates this is Saudi Arabia, which has strict regulations regarding the use of the Hijri calendar in commercial transactions.
Saudi Arabia, as a country with a strong approach to the application of Islamic law, has issued regulations governing the use of the Hijri calendar in commercial transactions.These regulations are intended to ensure that business transactions and legal contracts in the country comply with the principles of Islamic law (Kumaidi et al., 2019).One aspect that is regulated is the determination of dates for transactions, which is related to the use of the Hijriyah calendar.For example, if two parties involved in a commercial contract in Saudi Arabia wish to determine the due date for payment or performance of the contract, they should refer to the Hijri calendar.This relates to the importance of ensuring that the dates in the contract correspond to the dates in the Hijri calendar to ensure compliance with the principles of Islamic law.

Islamic justice
The role of the use of the Hijriyah calendar in Islamic justice in countries that implement a justice system based on Islamic law has deep significance in determining various aspects of time in legal processes.This includes determining trial schedules, important dates in cases, and assessing the timing of legal events that are relevant to cases involving Muslims.(Susylawati, 2017).In various countries with an Islamic justice system, such as Saudi Arabia or Iran, the use of the Hijri calendar is closely integrated into the judicial process.The court will refer to the Hijri calendar to determine trial schedules, both for criminal and civil cases.This is in accordance with the principles of Islamic law which respects and follows the Hijri calendar as part of the religious and cultural identity of Muslim communities.In Saudi Arabia, Islamic judicial law is regulated by the Basic Law of Saudi Arabia which establishes Islam as the basis of state law.
The use of the Hijriyah calendar also has an influence in determining important dates in legal cases related to worship or religious events.For example, in cases of divorce or inheritance, a person's date of death in the Hijri calendar will influence the determination of inheritance rights or the rights of an ex-spouse.Apart from that, in assessing the timing of legal events related to judicial cases, the use of the Hijri calendar also has an important impact.For example, in cases of torts or contracts involving certain dates, the court will refer to the Hijri calendar to determine when the legal event occurred.(Hardani & Johari, 2016).In the international Islamic legal community to create a more consistent framework for the use of the Hijri calendar in the judiciary.The Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) or the Tarjih and Tajdid Council of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) in Indonesia, for example, can issue fatwas or guidelines that provide guidance on the use of the Hijriyah calendar in Islamic law and the judiciary.
The use of the Hijri calendar in the context of Islamic law also reflects religious and cultural values in Muslim society.This follows the provisions of the Islamic religion which respects and follows the Hijriyah calendar as an aspect of their religious identity.This significance is also related to the Muslim community's understanding of time in Islam, where the Hijriyah calendar follows the lunar cycle and is different from the Gregorian calendar which is widely used in the world.In addition, the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law can also result in differences between countries with a majority Muslim population and countries with a majority non-Muslim population.In countries with significant Muslim minority populations, such as India or Europe, the use of the Hijri calendar in civil law can be a subject of controversy and raise questions about the recognition of Islamic law in different legal environments.
In conclusion, the use of the Hijri calendar in the context of Islamic law has deep and varied significance.This influences many aspects of Islamic legal practice, including the setting of times for worship, inheritance law, prayer times, commercial transactions, and Islamic justice.This significance also reflects the religious and cultural values in Muslim society.Therefore, a good understanding of how the Hijri calendar is used in Islamic law is important to maintain compliance with the principles of Islamic law and to understand its impact in the lives of Muslims.Relevant legislation also plays a key role in regulating the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law, and needs to be taken into account in the context of research and implementation of Islamic law.

The Use of the Hijriyah Calendar in Islamic Law Adapts to Changing Times and Globalization
The use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law has undergone various adaptations in line with changing times and the effects of globalization.This includes changes in worship practices, the determination of important times in the Islamic religion, as well as the relationship of Islamic law to an increasingly connected global society.In this context, legislation has an important role in regulating the use of the Hijri calendar and understanding how it adapts to changing times and globalization.Below, we will explain how the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law adapts to changing times and globalization, by detailing several important aspects and including relevant laws and regulations.

Determination of the start of the month of Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr
Determining the start of the month of Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr is a crucial aspect in the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law.Traditionally, this determination relies on the observation of the new moon or crescent moon by religious authorities as a sign of the start of the holy month of Ramadan.However, over time and the impact of globalization, this tradition has faced challenges in maintaining punctuality.Some Islamic countries and organizations have adopted more structured regulations, such as mathematical calculations or the use of technology in determining the start of the month of Ramadan  (Suhardiman, 2012).One example of relevant regulations is regulations issued by religious authorities in Saudi Arabia.
In Saudi Arabia, the determination of the start of the month of Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr has been regulated through regulations adapted to developments in technology and astronomy.One of the relevant regulations is the Hijriyah Calendar Law of 1375 H (1975 AD) which regulates the use of the Hijriyah calendar in various aspects of life, including determining time in the context of the Islamic religion (Fatimah, 2020).This law reflects the country's efforts to face the challenge of determining the start of the month of Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr more precisely.In this law, there are provisions that give authority to religious authorities to utilize developments in science and technology in determining time based on the Hijriyah calendar.

Use of the Hijriyah Calendar in Civil Law
The use of the Hijriyah Calendar in the civil law of Muslim-majority countries, such as Saudi Arabia, has an important role in various aspects of daily life and legal arrangements.In Saudi Arabia, the Hijri Calendar Law is the legal basis governing the use of this calendar in legal and administrative transactions.One example is in determining the wedding date, where the law requires the recording of the wedding date in the Hijriyah calendar.This has a direct impact on the legal status of the marriage.Apart from that, the Hijri calendar is also the basis for determining administrative dates, including government work schedules and salary payments for civil servants.This reflects the important role of the Hijri calendar in daily life and civil law settings, and is the subject of further studies on the perspective of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law and its impact in civil and administrative legal practice (Rohmah, 2017).
The use of the Hijriyah Calendar in the civil law of Muslim-majority countries, such as Saudi Arabia, has an important role in various aspects of daily life and legal arrangements.In Saudi Arabia, the Hijri Calendar Law is the legal basis governing the use of this calendar in legal and administrative transactions.One example is in determining the wedding date, where the law requires the recording of the wedding date in the Hijriyah calendar.This has a direct impact on the legal status of the marriage.Apart from that, the Hijri calendar is also the basis for determining administrative dates, including government work schedules and payment of civil servant salaries.This reflects the important role of the Hijri calendar in daily life and the regulation of civil law, and is the subject of further study on the perspective of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law and its impact on civil and administrative law practice (Mubarok et al., 2021).

Erlina: Implementation of Legal Protection of Geographical Indication of ……
Changes in time zones and determination of prayer times are major concerns in the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law.Regulations in various countries with significant Muslim populations regulate the use of the Hijri calendar in determining prayer times, especially in the face of time zone differences with Mecca.In Indonesia, for example, Law Number 23 of 2003 recognizes the Hijriyah calendar as the official calendar for Muslims, but differences in time zones pose a challenge in determining prayer times.In Saudi Arabia, the use of the Hijri calendar is very important in determining prayer times, and the official call to prayer is announced based on this calendar (Husna, 2022).
The use of the Hijriyah calendar in determining prayer times is also related to technology and globalization.Information technology allows Muslims to get information about prayer times quickly, but time zone differences are increasingly complex in the era of globalization (Qulub, 2017).Therefore, regulations governing the use of the Hijriyah calendar during worship times need to be updated and adapted to current developments.It involves collaboration between religious authorities, states, and Muslim communities to address the challenges of globalization and changing time zones.

Inheritance Law and Hijriyah Calendar
In the context of inheritance law, the use of the Hijriyah calendar plays an important role in determining inheritance rights and the distribution of inherited assets.In countries with a majority Muslim population such as Indonesia, laws and regulations regulate the use of the Hijriyah calendar in inheritance law.(Rohidin, 2016).Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage regulates the use of the Hijriyah calendar in determining the date of marriage, which also has an impact on cases of divorce or death of a partner.Furthermore, Law Number 7 of 1989 concerning Religious Courts regulates the use of the Hijriyah calendar in religious courts, including in cases of inheritance law, to ensure that time calculations are in accordance with the principles of Islamic law.
However, the difference between the Hijriyah and Gregorian calendars can result in discrepancies in determining the date of death or important events in inheritance calculations, so legislation must also accommodate efforts to harmonize these two calendars in cases of inheritance law.The use of the Hijri calendar in inheritance law also has wider legal implications, such as special provisions in Islamic law regarding the distribution of inheritance between heirs.The use of the Hijri calendar also influences how these provisions are applied in inheritance law practice (Hardani & Johari, 2016).

Globalization and International Agreements
In the era of globalization, efforts to reach international agreement in determining the start of the month of Ramadan and holidays based on the Hijriyah calendar have become relevant.The Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) plays an important role in coordinating this effort because many of its member countries have Muslim majority populations (Hamdun, 2017).Saudi Arabia, for example, has strict laws regarding the use of the Hijriyah calendar, such as the Hijriyah Calendar Law of 1375 AH, which reflects the country's commitment to implementing the provisions of the Hijriyah calendar in various aspects of life, including the Islamic religion.
At the international level, the OIC is trying to reach agreement on determining the time based on the Hijriyah calendar to unify the practices of worship and celebrations of Muslims.Even though there is no specific law that regulates the OIC, the laws and regulations of OIC member countries have an important role.Some member countries may adopt regulations requiring the use of the Hijri calendar in accordance with international agreements reached through the OIC, making such laws an important instrument in implementing these agreements at the national level.For example, in Indonesia, Law Number 23 of 2003 concerning Citizenship reflects the importance of the Hijriyah calendar in the country's civil law.

Use of the Hijri Calendar in a Global Context
Use of the Hijri Calendar in a Global Context: The Hijri Calendar has relevance not only in countries with a majority Muslim population but also in countries with a minority Muslim population.In the United States, which has a significant but minority Muslim community, the use of the Hijri calendar influences various aspects of Muslim life, such as the determination of holidays and weddings.Although the United States uses the Gregorian calendar as its official calendar, Muslim communities often have to adapt to the use of the Hijri calendar in their practices (Musyafa' & Qulub, 2021).In dealing with this issue, several countries, including the United States, have adopted an inclusive approach by recognizing the right of Muslims to use the Hijri calendar in their religious practices, which is protected by the Religious Freedom Act and the Global Religious Freedom Act.
Apart from the United States, countries with minority Muslim populations in Europe, such as France, also face similar challenges.France has a strong secular tradition and rules that separate religion from the state.However, in the rapidly growing Muslim community, the use of the Hijri calendar remains important.In the French context, regulations protecting religious freedom, such as the French Constitution and the European Convention on Human Rights, can be used as a reference in determining the rights of Muslims in relation to the Hijri calendar.

Conflict with the Gregorian Calendar
The conflict with the Gregorian calendar is an important aspect in research regarding the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law.The differences between these two calendars can cause confusion and potential conflicts, especially in international transactions that involve setting due dates or payment deadlines (Qulub, 2017).Legislation plays a key role in resolving this kind of conflict, as happened in Indonesia with Law no.7 of 1989 concerning Religious Courts which provides flexibility to use the Gregorian calendar if there is mutual agreement.In other countries, such as Saudi Arabia, strict civil law regulations regulate the use of the Hijri calendar in business transactions, providing clear guidance in resolving conflicts between the Hijri and Gregorian calendars in business contexts.
However, cases involving minority Muslims in non-Muslim majority countries can be more complex, where civil law rules tend to follow the Gregorian calendar.This may raise questions about how the rights of Muslims are guaranteed and respected in such contexts.International organizations such as the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) can play a role in resolving this kind of conflict by formulating international guidelines or agreements on the use of the Hijri calendar in international transactions to ensure the protection of the rights of Muslims.
Adaptation of the use of the Hijriyah calendar in Islamic law to changing times and globalization is complex and continues to change.Legislation has a key role in regulating and understanding how this adaptation occurs at various levels, from determining the start of the month of Ramadan to the practice of inheritance law.With a better understanding of relevant laws and regulations, we can respond more effectively to changing times and the challenges of globalization in the context of Islamic law relating to the use of the Hijri calendar.

Conclusion
From the explanation of the discussion above, the conclusion that can be drawn from this research is that the use of the Hijriyah calendar in Islamic law has deep and varied significance.The Hijri calendar is used to determine the start of the month of Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr, influences inheritance law practices by determining death dates, determines daily prayer and worship times, and influences commercial transactions and legal contracts by ensuring compliance with Islamic legal principles.Apart from that, the Hijri calendar also plays an important role in Islamic justice by determining trial schedules and important dates in legal cases.The use of the Hijri calendar reflects religious and cultural values in Muslim societies, but can also raise questions about the recognition of Islamic law in different legal environments.Therefore, a good understanding of the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law is important to maintain compliance with the principles of Islamic law and understand its impact in the lives of Muslims.Relevant laws and regulations also play a key role in regulating the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law The use of the Hijriyah Calendar in Islamic Law has undergone adaptation to changing times and globalization.These include changes in determining the start of the month of Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr, use in civil law, adjustment to changes in time zones, influence on inheritance law, role in international agreements, as well as conflicts with the Gregorian Calendar.Legislation plays an important role in regulating the use of the Hijri calendar and understanding how its adaptation occurs in various aspects of Islamic law.This adaptation reflects the complexity of maintaining the relevance of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law in a modern era that is increasingly connected globally.