The Relationship Between Age and Body Mass Index (BMI) with Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure of Hypertension Patients in Waru Lor Village, Wiradesa District, Pekalongan Regency

Abstract

Hypertension is a global health problem that can increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. Age and obesity factors (BMI) are known to play a role in the occurrence of hypertension. Waru Lor Village, Wiradesa District, Pekalongan Regency has a fairly high number of hypertension cases. This study aims to determine the correlation between age, Body Mass Index (BMI), and blood pressure in hypertensive patients in Waru Lor Village, Wiradesa District, Pekalongan Regency. This study used a descriptive design correlation with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample was 52 people with hypertension who were selected by a cluster random sampling technique. Data were collected through age, BMI, and blood pressure measurements using digital sphygmomanometers, digital scales, and stature meters. Data analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate with the Pearson Product-Moment test. The average age of the respondents was 55.35 years (SD = 9.322). The average BMI of respondents was 25.26 kg/m² (SD = 4.3437). The mean values of systolic blood pressure were 158.35 mmHg (SD = 17.350) and diastolic 90.33 mmHg (SD = 10.201). The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between age and systolic blood pressure (p=0.015; r=0.335), but not with diastolic blood pressure (p=0.490; r=0.098). Meanwhile, there was no significant relationship between BMI and systolic (p=0.680; r=0.059) or diastolic (p=0.753; r=-0.045) blood pressure. There was an association between age and systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients, while age was not related to diastolic blood pressure. BMI did not show a significant association with systolic or diastolic blood pressure. These results confirm the importance of blood pressure monitoring, especially in the elderly age group, as well as the implementation of a healthy lifestyle to prevent hypertension complications.