Exploring Class Struggles in Marine Conservation: The Live Reef Fish Trade in Natuna and the Anambas Islands Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31941/pj.v23i3.5415Abstract
This study discusses the important context related to class struggle in the context of Live Reef Fish Food Trade (LRFFT) in Natuna Regency and Anambas Islands. This area, known as a supplier of live reef fish, faces a dilemma between marine conservation policies and local economic sustainability. With the global backdrop of marine conservation targets, such as the '30 × 30' set by UNEP-WCMC in 2021, it is important to understand the dynamics of class struggle in achieving these goals. Although marine conservation is considered a solution to overcome overfishing and reduce endangered species, resistance from local communities indicates the complexity of implementing conservation policies. This study aims to fill the gap in knowledge related to the dimensions of class struggle in the context of marine conservation, focusing on LRFFT in Natuna and Anambas. Through a sociological theoretical framework, this study seeks to understand the dialectical relationship between agents (local communities and fishermen groups) and structures (conservation policies) and their impacts on the success or failure of policies. By detailing the geographical context, existing conservation policies, and challenges faced by local communities, this study hopes to provide further insights to help design more inclusive and sustainable marine conservation policies in the future.Downloads
References
Aburto, J. A., Gaymer, C. F., & Govan, H. (2020). A large-scale marine protected area for the sea of Rapa Nui: From ocean grabbing to legitimacy. Ocean and Coastal Management, 198(August), 105327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105327
Arieta, S. (2019). Relasi Habitus dalam Perikanan Napoleon wrasse di Kabupaten Kepulauan Anambas Kepulauan Riau. Simulacra, 165–179. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21107/sml.v2i2.6037
Arieta, S., Gunawan, B., Widya Setiabudi Sumadinata, R., & Ihsan, Y. N. (2022). Calling for institutional arrangements in Napoleon Wrasse conservation and management in Indonesia: The Anambas Islands case. Marine Policy, 145(September), 105258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105258
Berkes, F. (2004). Rethinking community-based conservation. Conservation Biology, 18(3), 621–630. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00077.x
Booth, H., Ramdlan, M. S., Hafizh, A., Wongsopatty, K., Mourato, S., Pienkowski, T., Adrinato, L., & Milner-Gulland, E. J. (2023). Designing locally-appropriate conservation incentives for small-scale fishers. Biological Conservation, 277(November 2022), 109821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109821
Bourdieu, P. (1999). Scattered remarks. European Journal of Social Theory, 2(3), 334–340. https://doi.org/10.1177/13684319922224563
Bouzanis, C., & Kemp, S. (2020). The two stories of the habitus/structure relation and the riddle of reflexivity: A meta-theoretical reappraisal. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 50(1), 64–83. https://doi.org/10.1111/jtsb.12225
Burbano, D. V., & Meredith, T. C. (2020). Conservation Strategies Through the Lens of Small-Scale Fishers in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador: Perceptions Underlying Local Resistance to Marine Planning. Society and Natural Resources, 33(10), 1194–1212. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2020.1765058
Charles, A., & Wilson, L. (2009). Human dimensions of marine protected areas. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66(1), 6–15. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn182
Corciolani, M., Grayson, K., & Humphreys, A. (2020). Do more experienced critics review differently? : How field-specific cultural capital influences the judgments of cultural intermediaries. European Journal of Marketing, 54(3), 478–510. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-01-2019-0095
Costa, C., Burke, C., Murphy, M., & et al. (2019). Capturing habitus: theory, method and reflexivity. International Journal of Research and Method in Education, 42(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743727X.2017.1420771
Daly, R., Daly, C. A. K., Gray, A. E., Peel, L. R., Gordon, L., Lea, J. S. E., Clarke, C. R., & Weng, K. C. (2020). Investigating the efficacy of a proposed marine protected area for the Endangered humphead wrasse Cheilinus undulatus at a remote island group in Seychelles. Endangered Species Research, 42, 7–20. https://doi.org/10.3354/ESR01035
Dirhamsyah. (2012). IUU fishing in Indonesia’s live reef fisheries. Australian Journal of Maritime & Ocean Affairs, 4(2), 44–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/18366503.2012.10815700
Failler, P., Touron-Gardic, G., Drakeford, B., Sadio, O., & Traoré, M. S. (2020). Perception of threats and related management measures: The case of 32 marine protected areas in West Africa. Marine Policy, 117(June 2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.103936
Fatmawati, N. I., & Sholihin, A. (2020). Pierre Bourdieu Dan Konsep Dasar Kekerasan Simbolik. Madani Jurnal Politik Dan Sosial Kemasyarakatan, 12(1), 41–60. https://doi.org/10.52166/madani.v12i1.1899
Fauzi, A. I., Azizah, N., Yati, E., Atmojo, A. T., Rohman, A., Putra, R., Rahadianto, M. A. E., Ramadhanti, D., Ardani, N. H., Robbani, B. F., Nuha, M. U., Perdana, A. M. P., Sakti, A. D., Aufaristama, M., & Wikantika, K. (2023). Potential Loss of Ecosystem Service Value Due to Vessel Activity Expansion in Indonesian Marine Protected Areas. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12020075
Gall, S. C., & Rodwell, L. D. (2016). Evaluating the social acceptability of Marine Protected Areas. Marine Policy, 65, 30–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2015.12.004
Grüss, A., Robbins, P., Heppel, S. S., Heppel, S. A., & Semmens, B. X. (2014). Conservation and fisheries effects of spawning aggregation marine protected areas: What we know, where we should go, and what we need to get there. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 71(7), 1515–1534. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412953924.n678
Hayes, A. S. (2020). The Behavioral Economics of Pierre Bourdieu. Sociological Theory, 38(1), 16–35. https://doi.org/10.1177/0735275120902170
Indrawati, A., & Suparmo, S. (2021). IKAN NAPOLEON (Cheilinus undulatus), SPESIES TERANCAM PUNAH DI KEPULAUAN NATUNA DAN ANAMBAS. Oseana, 46, 16–24.http://oseana.lipi.go.id/oseana/article/view/112%0Ahttps://oseana.lipi.go.id/o seana/article/download/112/93
Jupiter, S. D., Cohen, P. J., Weeks, R., Tawake, A., & Govan, H. (2014). Locally- managed marine areas: Multiple objectives and diverse strategies. Pacific Conservation Biology, 20(2), 165–179. https://doi.org/10.1071/PC140165
Kawaka, J. A., Samoilys, M. A., Murunga, M., Church, J., Abunge, C., & Maina, G. W. (2017). Developing locally managed marine areas: Lessons learnt from Kenya. Ocean and Coastal Management, 135, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2016.10.013
Khasanah, M., Nurdin, N., Sadovy de Mitcheson, Y., & Jompa, J. (2020). Management of the Grouper Export Trade in Indonesia. Reviews in Fisheries Science and Aquaculture, 28(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/23308249.2018.1542420
Kockel, A., Ban, N. C., Costa, M., & Dearden, P. (2019). Evaluating approaches for scaling-up community-based marine-protected areas into socially equitable and ecologically representative networks. Conservation Biology, 34(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13368
Love, M. (2021). Tabu, MPA and community: nomenclature and the political ecology of marine conservation in Vanuatu. Journal of Political Ecology, 28(1), 91–110. https://doi.org/10.2458/JPE.2301
Mujiburrahman, Rochwulaningsih, Y., Sulistiyono, S. T., & Utama, M. P. (2021). Panglima Laot: Maritime Cultural Heritage and Sustainability of the Coastal Environment in Aceh. E3S Web of Conferences, 317. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131701096
Mustika, P. L. K., Gunawan, T., & Erdmann, M. V. (2013). A Marine Rapid Assessment (MRAP) of the Anambas Islands Marine Tourism Park, 3-31 May 2012 (Issue May 2012). http://kkji.kp3k.kkp.go.id/index.php/dokumen/publikasi/kajian-ilmiah/finish/30-kajian-ilmiah/533-anambas-mrap-2013-english
Ravi, R. (2019). A Deeper Look in Reflexivity. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.25215/0701.043
Rees, S. E., Ashley, M., Evans, L., Mangi, S., Sheehan, E. V., Mullier, T., Rees, A., & Attrill, M. J. (2021). An evaluation of the social and economic impact of a Marine Protected Area on commercial fisheries. Fisheries Research, 235(August 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105819
Ritzer, G. (2010). Sociological Theory. In McGraw-Hill (8th ed.). https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1t892z5.19
Roberson, L. A., Watson, R. A., Klein, C. J., & et al. (2020). Over 90 endangered fish and invertebrates are caught in industrial fisheries. Nature Communications, 11(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18505-6
Sadovy de Mitcheson, Y. (2019). Live Reef Food Fish Trade : Undervalued , Overfished and Opportunities. https://www.icriforum.org/wp- content/uploads/2020/05/ICRI Live Reef Food Fish Report-44p- double_0.pdf
Sadovy de Mitcheson, Y., Craig, M. T., Bertoncini, A. A., Carpenter, K. E., Cheung, W. W. L., Choat, J. H., Cornish, A. S., Fennessy, S. T., Ferreira, B. P., Heemstra, P. C., Liu, M., Myers, R. F., Pollard, D. A., Rhodes, K. L., Rocha, L. A., Russell, B. C., Samoilys, M. A., & Sanciangco, J. (2013). Fishing groupers towards extinction: A global assessment of threats and extinction risks in a billion dollar fishery. Fish and Fisheries, 14(2), 119–136. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2979.2011.00455.x
Tahiluddin, A., & Sarri̇, J. (2022). An Overview of Destructive Fishing in the Philippines. Acta Natura et Scientia, 3(2), 116–125. https://doi.org/10.29329/actanatsci.2022.352.04
Wacquant, L. (2013). Symbolic capital and social classes. Journal of Classical Sociology, 13(2), 292–302. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468795X12468736
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Siti Arieta
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
