Towards a Sustainable Halal Ecosystem: Regulators' Perspectives in the Era of Mandatory Halal Certification 2026

Ismail Ismail; Andri Soemitra; Zuhrinal M. Nawawi; Azhari Akmal Tarigan

doi:10.31941/pj.v24i1.5970

Authors

Ismail Ismail Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara
Andri Soemitra Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
Zuhrinal M. Nawawi Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
Azhari Akmal Tarigan Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31941/pj.v24i1.5970

Keywords:

Halal Certification, Small and Medium Enterprises, Competitiveness

Abstract

This study examines stakeholder perspectives on the mandatory halal certification requirement for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in North Sumatra, which will take effect in 2026. The core issue explored is how this obligation presents both opportunities and challenges in enhancing the competitiveness of SMEs. The study aims to identify barriers, solutions, and cross-sector collaborations in the implementation of halal certification. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, utilizing in-depth interviews with informants from government bodies, academia, and SME assistance institutions. The findings indicate that halal certification contributes to increased consumer trust and strengthens SME competitiveness. However, significant challenges remain, including high certification costs, complex procedures, and a lack of awareness campaigns. Proposed innovations include simplifying certification procedures, government subsidies, and technical training and assistance. This study updates the existing literature by highlighting the role of cooperative agencies and SME assistance institutions in the halal supply chain, which has previously received limited attention. In this context, cross-sector collaboration and flexible policies are essential to overcoming the challenges faced by SMEs, ensuring inclusive access to halal certification, and enhancing global competitiveness.‎

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abidin, Moh. Z. (2021). Analisis Business Plan Pelaku UMKM di Kecamatan Mlarak‎. Niqosiya: Journal of Economics and Business Research, 1(2), 166–172. https://doi.org/10.21154/niqosiya.v1i2.96

Amini, S., Tarigan, A. A., Syahriza, R., & Ismail, I. (2024). Homo Islamicus as an agent of socio-‎‎economic change: A study in the perspective of Surah An-Nisa. Journal of Islamic Economics ‎‎Lariba, 10(2).

Amorim, A., Silva, V. L., & Sobral, P. J. do A. (2023). Food Processing: An overview on links between safety, security, supply chains, and NOVA classification. Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy, 5, 100047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clcb.2023.100047

Anam, K., & Yosepha, S. Y. (2024). Analisis Pengembangan UMKM Dalam Implementasi E-‎‎Commerce Untuk Meningkatkan Daya Saing Di Era Digital. Jurnal Manajemen, 11(1).

Aspiranti, T. (2008). Potensi dan Kendala Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah. Jurnal Manajemen Dan ‎‎Bisnis Performa, 1(1).

Cifuentes, M. L., & Sonnino, R. (2024). Transforming the food environment: An assemblage-based research approach. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 52, 100874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2024.100874

Djakasaputra, A., Aditi, B., & Mas’ad, M. A. (2023). The Influence of Halal Certification, Halal ‎‎Awareness, and Brand Image on Interest in Buying Halal Food Products: An Empirical Study ‎‎of Consumers in Indonesia. International Journal of Islamic Business and Economics ‎‎(IJIBEC), 7(2).

Ermis, E. (2017). Halal Status of Enzymes Used in Food Industry. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 64, 69–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2017.04.008

Farouk, M. M. (2023). Overview on Halal Issues. In Innovation of Food Products in Halal Supply Chain Worldwide (pp. 3–11). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-91662-2.00017-X

Fauzi, M. A., Mohd Ali, N. S., Mat Russ, N., Mohamad, F., Battour, M., & Mohd Zaki, N. N. (2024). Halal Certification in Food Products: Science Mapping of Present and Future Trends. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(12), 3564–3580. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-12-2023-0407

Fikamalina, A. D. I., Puspitayani, D. F., Shella, D. E. M., Nugroho, R. H., & Ikaningtyas, M. (2024). Strategi Pemasaran dan Inovasi Produk dalam Keberlanjutan Bisnis: Studi Kasus ‎‎UMKM di Masa Pandemi. ManBiz: Journal of Management and Business, 3(1).

Fitri, Z. E., & Mardiah. (2023). Kajian Sertifikasi Halal Gratis (Sehati) Dengan Skema Self Declare Pada UMKM Dapur Mimi. Jurnal Ilmiah Pangan Halal, 5(1), 6–15. https://doi.org/10.30997/jiph.v5i1.9996

Habib, M. A. F., & Sutopo, S. (2024). Pembinaan UMKM dalam Aspek Komunikasi Pemasaran ‎‎sebagai Wujud Pemberdayaan Perempuan di Sekitar Kawasan Wisata Pantai. Journal of Islamic ‎‎Tourism Halal Food Islamic Traveling and Creative Economy, 4(1).

Habibie, H. M. H., & Donna, D. R. ‎. (2020). Factors that Influence the Intention to Purchase Halal ‎Food Products (Case Study of ‎Universitas Gadjah Mada Students)‎. Benefit: Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 5(1).

Halim, N. R. A., Mutalib, S. A., Abd Ghani, M., & Hashim, H. (2024). Non-conformance report (NCR) on Malaysia halal certification: A case study among small-medium scale food enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia. Food Control, 160, 110298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.110298

Handoko, Y., Wijaya, H. A., & Lestari, A. (n.d.). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Panduan Praktis ‎‎untuk Penelitian Administrasi Pendidikan. PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.

Hasran, H., Aaron, R., & Firdausi, R. (2024). Impact of Trade Policies on the MSMEs’ Competitiveness in Indonesia: The Case of E-commerce Import Restrictions. https://doi.org/10.35497/585490

Hosanna, M. A., & Nugroho, S. A. (2018). Pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 ‎Tentang Jaminan Produk Halal Terhadap ‎Pendaftaran Sertifikat Halal Pada Produk Makanan. Jurnal Hukum Adigama‎, 1(1).

Huda, F. A. (2023). Rectifying the Downsides Pension Fund with the Critical Analysis of Triangle Justice Ecosystem: A Comparative Case Study in Indonesia and Malaysia (pp. 185–195). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27860-0_17

Husna, H., & Caniago, S. (2022). Problematika Sertifikasi Halal Pada Produk Industri Kerupuk di ‎Surau Pinang‎. JISRAH: Jurnal Integrasi Ilmu Syariah, 3(1), 99. https://doi.org/10.31958/jisrah.v3i1.5772

Hutagalung, S. A. (2024). From Classroom to Ideological Space: The Formation of Radicalism in the ‎‎Academic Environment. Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi Dan Kajian Hukum, 23(3).

Ismail, S. E. (2024). Industri Kreatif Kuliner Halal: Model dan Strategi Pengembangan ‎Dalam ‎Bingkai Maqashid Syariah. Merdeka Kreasi Group.

Kamaruddin, Ismail, & Simahatie, M. (2023). Ekonomi Islam Suatu ‎‎Pengantar. Merdeka Kreasi Group.

Kasanah, N., & As Sajjad, M. H. (2022). Potensi, Regulasi, dan Problematika Sertifikasi Halal Gratis. Journal of Economics, Law, and Humanities, 1(2), 28–41. https://doi.org/10.21154/jelhum.v1i2.1196

Kashim, M. I. A. M., Haris, A. A. A., Mutalib, S. Abd., Anuar, N., & Shahimi, S. (2023). Scientific and Islamic perspectives in relation to the Halal status of cultured meat. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 30(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103501

Kusnadi, M. (2019). Problematika Penerapan Undang-Undang Jaminan Produk Halal Di Indonesia. Islamika: Jurnal Keislaman Dan Ilmu Pendidikan, 1(2).

Mahfudz, A. A. (2021). The Effect of Religiosity and Maslahah Orientation on Halal Awareness, ‎‎Satisfaction and Loyalty of Consumers of Halal Labeled Food. International Journal of Science ‎‎and Society, 3(2).

Maksudi, M., Bahrudin, B., & Nasruddin, N. (2023). Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Sertifikasi ‎‎Halal dalam Upaya Pemenuhan Kepuasan Konsumen. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 9(1).

Mali, M. G. (2021). Efektivitas Upaya Pemberdayaan Dan Perlindungan Industri Kreatif, Koperasi, ‎‎Dan Usaha Kecil Di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Journal of Public Administration and Local ‎‎Governance, 5(1).

Mustapha, A., Ishak, I., Zaki, N. N. M., Ismail-Fitry, M. R., Arshad, S., & Sazili, A. Q. (2024). Application of Machine Learning Approach on Halal Meat Authentication Principle, Challenges, and Prospects: A Review. Heliyon, 10(12). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32189

Nasrullah, A. (2018). Analisis Potensi Industri Halal Bagi Pelaku Usaha di Indonesia. At-Tahdzib: ‎‎Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Muamalah, 6(1).

Nawaz, A., Afzal, A., Khatibi, A., Shankar, A., Madan, H., Faisal, H. S., Shahbaz, A., Usman, I., Zulfiqar, N., Saeed, F., Ahmed, A., Imran, A., Afzaal, M., karni, A., Ahmed, F., Akram, N., Rasheed, M., & Islam, F. (2025). Role of Artificial Intelligence in Halal Authentication and Traceability: A Concurrent Review. Food Control, 169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111003

Nurpratama, M., Sonjaya, N. S., Yudianto, A., & Agung, I. (2024). Studi Orientasi Pasar dan ‎‎Inovasi Produk Terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran UMKM di Kabupaten Indramayu. Jurnal EMT ‎‎KITA, 8(3).

Octaviani, R., Asmadia, T., & Mariko, S. (2024). Misinterprestasi Halal Pada Produk Makanan Khas ‎‎Minangkabau di Kota Padang. El-Kahfi: Journal of Islamic Economics, 5(2).

Putera, P. B., & Rakhel, T. M. (2023). Halal research streams: A systematic and bibliometrics review. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2225334

Putri, R. (2024). Tantangan Sertifikasi Halal pada Pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah ‎‎‎(UMKM) Produk Pangan di Kabupaten Pamekasan. Assyarikah: Journal of Islamic Economic ‎‎Business, 5(2).

Rajagopal, S., Ramanan, S., Visvanathan, R., & Satapathy, S. (2011). Halal Certification: Implication for Marketers in UAE. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 2(2), 138–153. https://doi.org/10.1108/17590831111139857

Rakhmawati, N. A., Fatawi, J., Najib, A. C., & Firmansyah, A. A. (2021). Linked Open Data for Halal Food Products. Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences, 33(6), 728–739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2019.04.004

Ramadhani, A. (2022). Implementasi Kewajiban Sertifikasi Halal Pada Produk Makanan dan ‎‎Minuman UMKM di Kecamatan Beji Depok Studi Implementasi Undang-Undang Nomor 33 ‎‎Tahun 2014 tentang Jaminan Produk Halal [Skripsi]. Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah.

Rosita, A., Suzaini, S., Takwa, W. H., & Hasan, Z. (2023). Implementasi Sertifikasi Halal pada ‎‎Produk Makanan dan Minuman UMKM Di Kecamatan Bantan Kabupaten Bengkalis. PRIMER: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 1(2).

Rudiyanto, R., & Alim, M. N. (2024). Akuntabilitas Proses Sertifikasi Halal Berbasis Self Declare ‎‎Pada Halal Center Universitas Trunojoyo Madura. Muttaqien: Indonesian Journal of ‎‎Multidiciplinary Islamic Studies, 5(1).

Setyaningsih, E. D. , & M. S. (2019). The Effect of Halal Certification and Halal Awareness ‎Through Interest in Decisions On ‎Buying Halal Food Products. Syiar Iqtishadi: Journal of Islamic ‎‎Economics, Finance and Banking, 3(1).

Subhaktiyasa, P. G. (2024). Menentukan Populasi dan Sampel: Pendekatan Metodologi Penelitian ‎‎Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif. Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan, 9(4).

Suganda, Y., & Eriyanti, F. (2024). Tingkat Kesadaran Pelaku IKM Perikanan Dalam Sertifikasi Pirt ‎‎dan Halal di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan. Jurnal Administrasi Pemerintahan Desa, 5(2).

Susanti, Amri, S., Sarboini, Yeni, M., Damayanti, I., & Agustiar. (2023). Pelatihan Pembuatan Rencana Bisnis bagi Koperasi Mitra Anuek Laot Lhok Lamteungoh Kabupaten Aceh Besar. AJAD : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.59431/ajad.v3i2.176

Syukur, M., Rosyidah, S., & Vernanda, Z. (2024). Aplikasi Sihalal BPJH dalam Percepatan ‎Pengajuan Sertifikasi Produk Halal Bagi UKM Desa ‎Karanganyar Paiton. Indo-Fintech ‎Intellectuals: Journal of Economics and Business‎, 4(6).

Tias, L. D. A., & Nizar, M. (2024). Ekosistem Halal Berkelanjutan untuk Industri Pengolahan ‎Daging‎. National Conference for Community Service Project (NaCosPro)‎.

Usnan, Rahmadani, A., & Maharani, K. L. (2024). Problematika Dan Strategi Optimalisasi Sertifikasi Halal Di Indonesia. Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance, 2(3), 100–110. https://doi.org/10.59841/jureksi.v2i3.1557

Warto, W., & Arif, Z. (2020). Bisnis Produk Halal antara Peluang dan Tantangan, Problematika dan Solusinya. Al-Ulum, 20(1), 274–294. https://doi.org/10.30603/au.v20i1.1170

Warto, W., & Samsuri, S. (2020). Sertifikasi Halal dan Implikasinya Bagi Bisnis Produk Halal di Indonesia. Al Maal: Journal of Islamic Economics and Banking, 2(1), 98. https://doi.org/10.31000/almaal.v2i1.2803

Widodo, A. C., Rudiana, R., & Nuryanto, Y. (2024). Pengawasan Jaminan Produk Halal (JPH) Oleh ‎‎Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Produk Halal (BPJPH). JIIP-Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(10).

Winario, M., Rinaldi, R., Zakir, M., Lubis, H., & Bustanur, B. (2024). Implikasi Hukum Ekonomi ‎‎Syariah terhadap Pengembangan Keuangan Mikro dan Usaha Kecil Menengah. Journal of ‎‎Legal Sustainability, 1(2).

Zulaiha, S., & Saepurohman, M. (2024). Problematika Pengajuan Sertifikasi Halal: Studi Kasus ‎‎UMKM di Pasar Kordon. As-Syirkah: Islamic Economics & Finacial Journal, 3(2).